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MQTT and IoT guides

Practical guides on MQTT, managed brokers and connected products from the ConnectMQ team.

MQTT Maximum QoS and Subscription Downgrades

The QoS you ask for is not always the QoS you get. Learn how effective QoS is calculated, how brokers advertise a maximum QoS and grant lower subscription levels, and how to check what your connection really uses.

7 min read

TinyML on ESP32: Train, Deploy and Publish Results over MQTT

A complete TinyML ESP32 walkthrough: train a vibration classifier in Python, convert it to an int8 TensorFlow Lite model, run it on an ESP32 with esp-tflite-micro and publish classification results to an MQTT broker.

7 min read

MQTT Production Checklist: 30 Checks Before You Go Live

A pre-launch MQTT production checklist for IoT teams: security, client identity, reconnect behavior, topic design, QoS and sessions, monitoring and operations, with production-ready client code.

7 min read

MQTT Payload Formats: JSON vs Protobuf vs CBOR

MQTT does not care what is inside a payload, so the choice is yours. Compare JSON, Protobuf and CBOR on size, schemas, debugging and tooling, using byte counts for the same sensor reading.

7 min read

Node-RED JSON Node: Parsing MQTT JSON Payloads

How to handle JSON from MQTT in Node-RED: when to rely on the mqtt in node's parsed output, when to use the JSON node, how to validate with JSON Schema and how to fix the parse errors everyone hits.

8 min read

How Many Connections Can an MQTT Broker Handle?

There is no single number for MQTT broker connection capacity. Learn what actually limits concurrent clients, how to test it yourself, and how managed providers turn those limits into plan quotas.

7 min read

Cloud MQTT Broker: The Complete Guide to Hosted MQTT

Everything you need to choose and run a cloud MQTT broker: deployment models, security, pricing models, limits, migration and a step-by-step start on ConnectMQ's free Serverless plan.

11 min read

Purdue Model vs ISA-95: What's the Difference?

The Purdue model and ISA-95 share level numbers but solve different problems. This comparison explains each, how they relate, and how MQTT-based architectures flatten data flow without flattening security.

7 min read

Node-RED MQTT Not Connecting: Troubleshooting Guide

A step-by-step guide for when the Node-RED MQTT node is stuck on connecting or keeps dropping: how to read the logs, test outside Node-RED and fix ports, TLS, hostnames, duplicate client IDs, credentials, quotas and container networking.

8 min read

MQTT Use Cases by Industry: 15 Real-World Examples

Fifteen practical MQTT use cases across manufacturing, energy, automotive, smart buildings, agriculture and logistics, each with a sample topic design, the MQTT features it relies on and the broker plan that fits its scale.

7 min read

MQTT TLS Handshake Failed: How to Diagnose and Fix It

A step-by-step troubleshooting guide for MQTT TLS handshake failures, using openssl s_client to pinpoint wrong ports, missing CAs, SNI problems, clock drift, TLS version mismatches and intercepting proxies.

8 min read

Labeling Time Series Sensor Data for Machine Learning

How to capture machine events and operator labels over MQTT alongside telemetry, define a label schema, convert events into labeled intervals and join them with sensor windows for supervised learning.

7 min read

Your private MQTT broker is a few clicks away

Create an account, get your broker credentials and connect your first device — no servers to install, patch or scale.